MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS (QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE) OF CASSAVA PLANTS IN SERDANG BEDAGAI DISTRICT,  NORTH SUMATRA

Andi Setiawan; Nur Ulina Warnisyah Sebayang

Andi Setiawan Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
Nur Ulina Warnisyah Sebayang Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Serdang Bedagai Regency is the largest cassava production center in North Sumatra with a production of 545,881.3 tons of cassava, but until now there was no quantitative data on the differences in morphological characteristics in the Serdang-Bedagai district. This study aimed to determine cassava diversity based on morphological traits in the lowlands of the Serdang Bedagai district of North Sumatra. The method used in this study was a survey method, namely the identification of morphological characteristics of cassava. Morphological features observed were qualitative and quantitative features. Observations were made on cassava plants planted by farmers in the Serdan Bedagai district of North Sumatra. The cassava was old enough to be harvested, healthy, and free of pests and diseases. The lowlands of Serdang Bedagai Regency have seven species: Klanting Putih (G1), Klanting Merah (G2), Jakarta (G3), Adira (G4), Malaysia (G5), Gendruwo (G6), Gendruwo Hitam (G7), Thailand (G8), dan Kuning (G9). There are differences and similarities in morphological characteristics among the nine cassava species. A relatedness analysis based on 31 qualitative and quantitative morphological features indicated the existence of plant-related groups among cassava.

Author Biographies

Andi Setiawan, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi

Agrotechnology Department

Nur Ulina Warnisyah Sebayang, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Agriculture Department

References

Central Statistics Office [Badan Pusat Statistik]. 2021. Harvested area, production and average cassava production by district/city 2019-2021 [Luas panen , produksi dan rata-rata produksi Ubi Kayu menurut kabupaten/kota 2019-2021]. Central Statistics Office of North Sumatra, Indonesia.

Effendi, S. 2002. Teknik Pembibitan Ubikayu secara Mudah dan Murah. Bulletin Teknik Pertanian Vol 7 No.2

Ekanayake IJ, Osiru DSO, Porto MCM. 1997. Morphology of cassava.

Fukuda, W.M.G., C.L. Guevara, R. Kawuki, and M.E. Ferguson. 2010. Selected morphological and agronomic descriptors for the characterization of cassava. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria. 19 pp.

Prabawati, S., Richana, N. Dan Susismono, 2011. Inovasi Pengolahan Singkong Meningkatkan Pendapatan dan Diversifikasi Pangan. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian, Bogor.

Purwanto, Y. 2011. Ektraktivisme Masyarakat Dayak Kenyah di Sekitar Sungai Bahau, Kalimantan Timur [The Extractivism of the Dayak Kenyah Community Around the Bahau River, East Kalimantan]. 30 p.

Suratman, P,D.Setyawan,A.D. 2000. Analisis keragaman genus Ipomoea berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Biodiversitas 1(2):72-79

Sundari, T. 2010. Pengenalan Varietas Unggul dan Teknik Budidaya Ubikayu. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian [Introduction of Superior Varieties and Cassava Cultivation Techniques. Research Institute for Legumes and Tubers]. Malang.

Zuraida N. 2010. Karakterisasi beberapa sifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif plasma nutfah ubikayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) [Characterization of some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cassava germplasm (Manihot esculenta Crantz)]. Buletin Plasma Nutfah 16 (1): 49 – 56.